Dal Pozzo Lisa
Migraine headaches are severe neurological conditions that significantly affect patients' daily activities. They are caused by vascular alterations in the brain, which can be preceded by prodromal symptoms referred to as aura and often accompanied by gastrointestinal issues. Numerous pharmaceutical strategies are employed to reduce attack frequency and severity. Although effective, many prophylactic and abortive medications have adverse effects. Among the proposed triggers, energy-consuming biological responses and nutrient deficiencies have been identified and clinically verified. This discovery prompted research focused on evaluating the impact of minerals, vitamins, and herbal supplements-such as vitamin D, magnesium, and Coenzyme Q10-as preventive integrative therapies. To evaluate the effectiveness of supplements in reducing migraine attack frequency and severity and to aid clinical evaluation, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 studies involving 1222 participants. Statistically significant negative overall mean difference values indicate the beneficial effects of these interventions, supporting their potential use in clinical practice. However, variability in study designs and concomitant prophylactic and abortive medication use were identified as sources of bias, suggesting that the present results should be interpreted with caution. These findings indicate that specific supplements could serve as adjuncts to conventional treatments, offering a valid alternative for migraine prevention. Further high-quality research is needed to establish their long-term effectiveness and to standardize protocols for their clinical application
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